Whales are starting to react to this in ways that are life-threatening. According to a Discovery Channel article on Sonic Sea Journeys Deep into the Ocean over the last century, extremely loud noise from commercial ships, oil and gas exploration, naval sonar exercises and other sources has transformed the ocean's delicate acoustic habitat, challenging the ability of whales and other marine life to prosper and ultimately to survive. The disruption of whales' ability to communicate with one another is an extreme threat and is affecting their ability to survive. The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species has identified ocean noise as a potential threat to marine life. The noise produced by ships can travel long distances, and marine species who may rely on sound for their orientation, communication, and feeding, can be harmed by this sound pollution. Noise pollution caused by shipping and other human enterprises has increased in recent history. These materials often include non-native, nuisance, invasive, exotic species that can cause extensive ecological and economic damage to aquatic ecosystems along with serious human health problems. Ballast water discharge typically contains a variety of biological materials, including plants, animals, viruses, and bacteria. Cruise ships, large tankers, and bulk cargo carriers use a huge amount of ballast water, which is often taken on in the coastal waters in one region after ships discharge wastewater or unload cargo, and discharged at the next port of call, wherever more cargo is loaded. Main article: Ballast water discharge and the environment A cargo ship discharging ballast water into the seaīallast water discharges by ships can have a negative impact on the marine environment.
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